Telecommunication Equipment

Telecommunication equipment transmits signals of various types and serves different distances—from local to international. It includes radio broadcasting, radio communication, television devices, communication infrastructure components, and information systems. Devices like alarm systems, ATMs, or medical equipment that display information without microelectronics aren’t considered telecommunication equipment.

Telecom equipment falls into four groups by function:
1. Data transmission devices.
2. Switching systems that enable data exchange between subscribers.
3. Subscriber devices for personal data exchange.
4. Satellite communications for international information exchange.

Often, multiple groups are used together by large companies like mobile operators and internet providers.

By operation, devices are either active or passive:
• Active equipment (adapters, hubs, switches, routers) manage and route data flows, creating communication channels and handling heavy workloads.
• Passive equipment (connectors, patch cords, cables, sockets) form
transmission routes without needing power, as signals pass through
without amplification.

Demand comes from telecom operators, industries, government agencies, and law enforcement. They purchase both complete solutions and individual components. Popular devices include routers, structured cabling systems (SCS), media converters, video panels, multiplexers, radio bridges, Wi-Fi controllers, modems, and Smart Home systems.

The demand for telecom equipment is steadily increasing; for example, in 2018, it grew by 2.1%. Key consumers are mobile operators, internet providers, postal and fixed telephony, and cable TV services.