Underfloor Heating
When purchasing an apartment or constructing a home, it’s crucial to assess the quality of the thermal insulation and heating system beforehand. Any flaws in these components often become apparent during the cold winter months. Among various solutions to improve home warmth, installing underfloor heating stands out as one of the most efficient options. By placing the heat source beneath the floor, it ensures even heat distribution and promotes better air circulation throughout the space.
Underfloor heating systems consist of a heating element installed beneath the floor covering. Currently, the market offers three main types: electric, water-based, and film heating systems.
Electric heating.
Fiberglass cable, installed on the floor surface at intervals of 5 to 15 cm, or initially fixed on a fiberglass mesh (the so-called heating mat). When voltage is applied, the cable heats up, producing heat. This type of heating has practically no restrictions on its use, but the user will have to pay for heating the floor in this way with increased energy consumption. Power and temperature control are created with a thermostat. The small risk of fire to apply short circuits also necessitates refractory coating materials used in conjunction with electrical heating.
Water heating.
Instead of cables, pipes of small diameter are laid under the cover, through which hot water circulates. The advantage of this design is its greater efficiency, however, the installation of water heating is prohibited in apartment buildings above 1 floor, therefore, water heating will show itself best in cottages with a heated area of 80 – 100 m2. Water recirculation is carried out by a pump installed in the utility room or the bathroom, the water temperature is regulated by the boiler, or by installing a heating element in an additional tank.
Electric heating.
It consists of 2 layers of durable polymer, between which there is a heating carbon element. This type of heating is the least demanding on the floor covering, it is more economical in electricity consumption and practically does not raise the floor level due to the absence of a concrete screed, it is easier to install and dismantle. The disadvantage of infrared coating is its price, which exceeds electrical and water counterparts by an average of 40% and more. Power is also supplied from the mains.
The temperature and need for heating can vary even within the same room, which makes it reasonable to use mixed types of heating or install an intelligent thermoregulation system that takes into account the temperature inside and outside the room.